منابع مشابه
Nectar microbes can reduce secondary metabolites in nectar and alter effects on nectar consumption by pollinators.
Secondary metabolites that are present in floral nectar have been hypothesized to enhance specificity in plant-pollinator mutualism by reducing larceny by non-pollinators, including microorganisms that colonize nectar. However, few studies have tested this hypothesis. Using synthetic nectar, we conducted laboratory and field experiments to examine the effects of five chemical compounds found in...
متن کاملFloral Nectar Guide Patterns Discourage Nectar Robbing by Bumble Bees
Floral displays are under selection to both attract pollinators and deter antagonists. Here we show that a common floral trait, a nectar guide pattern, alters the behavior of bees that can act opportunistically as both pollinators and as antagonists. Generally, bees access nectar via the floral limb, transporting pollen through contact with the plant's reproductive structures; however bees some...
متن کاملWhy bother with nectar?
Orchids comprise one of the most spectacular groups of flowering plants but they are rather a mean bunch: a large number of species go to some length to attract pollinators but produce no nectar or other reward for their visit. This is a highly unusual strategy amongst flowering plants. So how do such ‘rewardless’ species manage to propagate themselves while surrounding plants must reward their...
متن کاملOptimal concentrations in nectar feeding.
Nectar drinkers must feed quickly and efficiently due to the threat of predation. While the sweetest nectar offers the greatest energetic rewards, the sharp increase of viscosity with sugar concentration makes it the most difficult to transport. We here demonstrate that the sugar concentration that optimizes energy transport depends exclusively on the drinking technique employed. We identify th...
متن کاملNectar Theft and Floral Ant-Repellence: A Link between Nectar Volume and Ant-Repellent Traits?
As flower visitors, ants rarely benefit a plant. They are poor pollinators, and can also disrupt pollination by deterring other flower visitors, or by stealing nectar. Some plant species therefore possess floral ant-repelling traits. But why do particular species have such traits when others do not? In a dry forest in Costa Rica, of 49 plant species around a third were ant-repellent at very clo...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 1976
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.194.4262.342